Safety and Efficacy of Approved and Unapproved Peptide Therapies for Musculoskeletal Injuries and Athletic Performance
Mendias CL, Awan TM. Sports Medicine 2026;56:1921-1935.
What it found
Reviews mechanisms, safety and regulatory status of peptides sold directly to patients, including thymosin beta-4 and TB-500. Concludes that many show favourable results in animals, but rigorous human safety data are scarce and serious harm is possible.
Limitations
Narrative review, not systematic. Covers many peptides, so detail on TB-500 is limited.
Research and education only. Not medical advice. Many peptides on this site are not approved by the FDA for human use. Doses shown are the ones used in published studies and are not a recommendation. Talk to a licensed clinician before using any of them. Read the full disclaimer.