Intranasal long R3 insulin-like growth factor-1 treatment promotes amyloid plaque remodeling in cerebral cortex but fails to preserve cognitive function in male 5XFAD mice
Engel MG, Narayan S, Cui MH, et al. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2025;103:113-126.
What it found
In male mice bred to develop Alzheimer-like plaques, LR3 improved body composition and changed plaque structure in the cortex, with fewer small amyloid clusters, but did not improve memory or behaviour. In microglial cells it increased uptake of amyloid.
Limitations
Male mice only (19-27 per group), one genetic model. No benefit on the main outcome of memory.
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